Weight Management

Dietary practises, physical exercise, and behaviour change are three key lifestyle factors that must be taken into consideration when treating obesity.
All patients must understand how and when energy is taken (through nutrition), spent (via physical exercise) and how to implement this knowledge into their daily lives because obesity is primarily a disease of energy imbalance (behavioral therapy). Contrasted with no treatment or standard care, lifestyle management has been proven to cause a small (usually 3-5 kg) weight loss.

Causal Factors:

It can be brought on by environmental factors such as high-energy foods, a sedentary lifestyle, endocrine illnesses, and medication usage.

It can also be brought on by inherited genetic abnormalities.

Clinical Features:

Taking a history might provide you with important information in cases of obesity.

Family background For both obese and nonobese children under the age of 10, a parent’s history of obesity increases the chance of adult obesity by more than twofold.

DM, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and coronary heart disease in the past

Gastroesophageal reflux disease history

Snoring, sleep apnea, and insomnia in the past

Gallstones, especially cholesterol stones, in the past

Breast cancer history, etc.

Treatment:

It depends on the degree of obesity and any underlying diseases:

1. Diet: calorie-reduced diet

2. Exercise(walking, jogging, cycling, swimming) 

3. Modifications to behavior and eating patterns

4. Drugs that inhibits fat absorption

Surgical: Gastric banding, vertical gasterctomies, and bariatric surgery.

The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is regarded by many as the gold standard because it combines restriction and malabsorption.

Hypertension, another name for high blood pressure, is elevated blood pressure. Depending on your activity, your blood pressure changes throughout the day. A diagnosis of high blood pressure may be made if blood pressure readings are frequently higher than normal (or hypertension).

Your risk of developing additional health issues, such as heart disease, a heart attack and stroke increases as your blood pressure levels rise.

Causal Factors:

Most often, high blood pressure has no symptoms or warning indications and many people are unaware they have it. The only method to determine whether you have high blood pressure is to measure it.

Usually, high blood pressure comes on gradually. Unhealthy lifestyle decisions, such as not engaging in adequate regular physical activity, can contribute to it.

Obesity and certain medical problems like diabetes might raise one’s risk of acquiring high blood pressure. Pregnancy can also cause high blood pressure.

Clinical features:

Early morning headaches, nosebleeds, abnormal heart rhythms, eyesight abnormalities, and ear buzzing are just a few of the symptoms that can appear.

Fatigue, nauseousness, vomiting, bewilderment, anxiety, chest pain and trembling of the muscles are all symptoms of severe hypertension.

Treatment:

Adapting your way of life can help you manage and control high blood pressure. Your doctor might advise you to adopt new lifestyle practises like:

1) Consuming a salt-free, heart-healthy diet

2) Performing regular exercise

3) Keeping a healthy weight or reducing it

4) Limits on alcohol

5) Sleeping 7 to 9 hours every day

Sometimes modifying one’s lifestyle is insufficient to control high blood pressure. If these are ineffective, your doctor might suggest taking blood pressure medication.

The sort of medication used to treat hypertension is dependent upon both the severity of the condition as well as your general health. Often, two or more blood pressure medications are more effective than one. Finding the drug or drug combination that works best for you can take some time.

The Greek word diabetes, which means “syphon through”, and the Latin word mellitus, which means “sweetened with honey”, are the roots of the word diabetes. It is a medical disorder where a person’s blood and urine contain an overabundance of glucose. The medical term for this state is hyperglycemia. Since the pancreas, which is in charge of producing the hormone insulin, is malfunctioning, diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition.

Causal Factors:

Sleeping during the day, not working out, being lazy, being sedentary, consuming cold, unctuous, sugary and fatty foods and beverages among other things (Fat rich Diet).

Clinical Symptoms:

Prabhootha mutrata (Poly uria), Avila mutrata (Turbid Urine) and Medo dushti lakshanas are the main symptoms of prameha.

1. Malina danta- tartar in teeth

2. Hasta pada daha- burning sensation of hand and feet

3. Trishna- excessive thirst

4. Madhuryamasya- feeling sweetness in mouth

5. Anga gandha- bad body odour etc.,

Treatment:

The Ayurvedic approach to treating prameha places a strong emphasis on the constitution of the patient. Along with food and medication, the patient is also counseled to lead a healthy lifestyle and be active. It is based on a complete change in the person’s lifestyle. Stress is placed on the disease’s mental elements as well.

The fundamentals of treating a diabetic patient fall under the following categories:

Diabetics come in two varieties:

1. Sthoulya (Obese)   2. Krusha  (Asthenic)

* In Sthoulya, the focus of the treatment should be on ensuring that extra fat is used properly. Shodhana (the act of purification), Apatarpana (weight loss through medication or food control), Vyayama (exercise), etc.

* In the case of krusha asthenic type, the major focus of treatment should be on boosting strength and vitality through tonics (brumhana), nutrition, medications, etc. The patient should never get excessive Langhana or Apatarpana, i.e., he should not be starved.